Listeriosis During Pregnancy: What Every Mom-to-Be Needs to Know
20 May 2025
Protecting Yourself and Your Baby From This Foodborne Illness
When you're pregnant, what you eat matters more than ever. One foodborne illness to be especially aware of is listeriosis, caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. While rare, listeriosis can pose serious risks during pregnancy, making it essential to know how to prevent infection. Don’t worry—with a few simple precautions, you can keep both yourself and your baby safe.What Is Listeriosis?
Listeriosis is a bacterial infection primarily spread through contaminated food. While it’s usually mild for healthy adults, it can be more dangerous during pregnancy because the immune system is naturally suppressed. The bacteria can cross the placenta, potentially harming the developing baby.Why Is Listeriosis Dangerous During Pregnancy?
Pregnant women are about 10 times more likely to get listeriosis compared to the general population. The infection can lead to:- Miscarriage (especially in the first trimester)
- Premature birth
- Stillbirth
- Newborn infection, which can cause severe complications like sepsis or meningitis
Symptoms of Listeriosis During Pregnancy
Listeriosis symptoms can appear anywhere from a few days to several weeks after eating contaminated food. Watch for:- Fever and chills
- Muscle aches
- Nausea or vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Stiff neck or confusion (in severe cases)
Foods to Avoid to Prevent Listeriosis
Listeria can survive and grow at refrigerator temperatures, making certain foods riskier during pregnancy. Avoid:- Unpasteurized dairy products: Soft cheeses like Brie, Camembert, feta, blue cheese, and queso fresco unless labeled pasteurized
- Deli meats and hot dogs: Unless heated until steaming hot (165°F or 74°C)
- Ready-to-eat foods: Such as refrigerated pâté, meat spreads, and smoked seafood unless cooked thoroughly
- Raw or undercooked meats, poultry, and seafood
- Pre-packaged salads and sprouts: Including raw sprouts like alfalfa, clover, and radish
- Unwashed fruits and vegetables
Safe Food Practices to Reduce Your Risk
You don’t have to give up all your favorite foods—just take these simple steps to minimize the risk of listeriosis:- Choose pasteurized dairy products: Always check labels to ensure milk, cheese, and yogurt are pasteurized.
- Cook foods thoroughly: Use a food thermometer to ensure meats and leftovers reach safe internal temperatures.
- Reheat deli meats and hot dogs: Heat until steaming to kill any bacteria.
- Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly: Scrub produce under running water, even if you plan to peel it.
- Store foods properly: Keep your refrigerator at 40°F (4°C) or below and your freezer at 0°F (-18°C).
- Avoid cross-contamination: Use separate cutting boards for raw and cooked foods, and wash hands, utensils, and countertops thoroughly.
Can Listeriosis Be Treated During Pregnancy?
Yes! If diagnosed early, listeriosis can be treated with antibiotics that are safe during pregnancy. Prompt treatment can prevent the infection from reaching the baby. If you suspect you’ve eaten contaminated food or experience symptoms, don’t wait—contact your healthcare provider immediately.While listeriosis can be serious, taking a few precautions can significantly reduce your risk. By choosing pasteurized dairy, cooking foods thoroughly, and practicing good food hygiene, you can protect both yourself and your baby. Pregnancy is a time to enjoy nourishing foods—just do so safely, knowing that you’re supporting a healthy start for your little one. You’ve got this, mama!
