Is It Safe to Take Melatonin While Pregnant or Breastfeeding?
20 Feb 2025
Melatonin and Pregnancy: What You Need to Know
Many pregnant and breastfeeding moms struggle with sleep problems—whether it's pregnancy insomnia, frequent nighttime wake-ups, or newborn sleep disruptions. While melatonin is a popular natural sleep aid, you may be wondering: Is it safe to take melatonin during pregnancy or while breastfeeding? The short answer: Melatonin use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not well-studied, so it’s best to use caution and consult your doctor before taking it. Let’s explore what we know about melatonin’s effects, potential risks, and safe sleep alternatives.What Is Melatonin?
Melatonin is a hormone that your body naturally produces to regulate sleep. Your brain releases melatonin in response to darkness, helping signal that it’s time to sleep. Melatonin supplements are often used to treat:✔ Insomnia
✔ Jet lag
✔ Shift work sleep disorders While melatonin is available as an over-the-counter supplement, its safety for pregnant and breastfeeding women is still unclear.
Is Melatonin Safe During Pregnancy?
Melatonin is considered safe for short-term use in the general population, but there is limited research on its safety during pregnancy. Here’s what we do know: Your body naturally produces more melatonin during pregnancy – especially in the third trimester. Some research suggests it may play a role in fetal brain development.Melatonin crosses the placenta – meaning it can reach your baby, but it’s unclear whether this is harmful or beneficial.
Animal studies suggest mixed results – Some animal studies indicate that melatonin may have protective effects on the fetus, while others suggest potential risks. Because of this lack of human studies, most healthcare providers recommend avoiding melatonin supplements during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary and approved by a doctor.
Is Melatonin Safe While Breastfeeding?
Melatonin naturally passes into breast milk, but research is limited on how melatonin supplements affect a nursing baby. Breast milk already contains melatonin, with higher levels at night, which may help regulate your baby’s sleep cycle.There is no clear evidence on whether melatonin supplements affect infant sleep patterns, development, or health. For this reason, many experts recommend avoiding melatonin while breastfeeding or using it only under medical supervision.
Potential Risks of Taking Melatonin While Pregnant or Breastfeeding
While melatonin is considered safe for most adults, potential risks during pregnancy and breastfeeding include: Hormonal effects – Melatonin is a hormone, and taking extra amounts may interfere with pregnancy hormones.Impact on fetal development – Since melatonin crosses the placenta, it’s unclear how it might affect a baby’s brain and sleep cycle.
Effects on breastfed babies – There’s no solid research on how melatonin supplements in breast milk affect an infant’s sleep or development.
Safe Sleep Alternatives for Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Instead of taking melatonin, try these safe, natural ways to improve sleep:1. Create a Relaxing Bedtime Routine
- Take a warm bath or shower before bed.
- Read a book or listen to soft music to signal bedtime.
- Practice deep breathing or meditation to calm your mind.
2. Improve Sleep Environment
- Keep your bedroom cool, dark, and quiet.
- Use blackout curtains and avoid bright screens before bed.
- Try a pregnancy or nursing pillow for better comfort.
3. Adjust Your Diet
- Avoid caffeine and heavy meals close to bedtime.
- Drink a warm cup of pregnancy-safe herbal tea (like chamomile, but check with your doctor first).
4. Try Natural Sleep Aids
- Magnesium may help with sleep and muscle relaxation.
- Lavender essential oil (used in a diffuser or lotion) can promote relaxation.
When to Talk to Your Doctor
If sleep problems are severely affecting your health, talk to your doctor about safe options. They may recommend pregnancy-safe sleep aids like diphenhydramine (Benadryl) or doxylamine (Unisom), but always get medical approval before taking any supplement or medication.The Bottom Line
Melatonin supplements are not well-studied in pregnancy or breastfeeding, so it’s best to avoid them unless your doctor approves. Instead, try natural sleep strategies like a good bedtime routine, comfortable sleep environment, and relaxation techniques. If you’re struggling with severe insomnia, talk to your doctor about safe alternatives to help you get the rest you need.
