Hyperemesis Gravidarum: What to Do If Morning Sickness Becomes Severe
07 Feb 2025
Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Understanding Extreme Morning Sickness
Morning sickness is a common part of pregnancy, but what if it becomes so severe that you can’t keep food or water down? If you’re experiencing relentless nausea, frequent vomiting, weight loss, and dehydration, you might have hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). Unlike typical morning sickness, HG is a serious condition that requires medical attention. Let’s break down what causes it, how it’s treated, and when to seek help.What Is Hyperemesis Gravidarum?
Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy that goes beyond typical morning sickness. It affects about 1-3% of pregnant women and can lead to: Extreme nausea and vomiting (more than 3-4 times a day)Inability to keep food or fluids down
Dehydration and weight loss (losing more than 5% of pre-pregnancy weight)
Fatigue, dizziness, and weakness Unlike morning sickness, which usually improves by the second trimester, HG can last much longer, sometimes throughout the entire pregnancy.
What Causes Hyperemesis Gravidarum?
The exact cause of HG isn’t fully understood, but doctors believe it’s linked to:- Hormonal changes – High levels of hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) may trigger severe nausea.
- Genetics – If your mother or sister had HG, you’re more likely to experience it.
- Multiple pregnancies – Carrying twins or triplets increases the risk.
How Is Hyperemesis Gravidarum Treated?
If you suspect you have HG, it’s important to seek medical help early to prevent complications. Treatments may include:At-Home Management
Eat Small, Frequent Meals – Stick to bland foods like crackers, toast, or broth.Stay Hydrated – Try sipping electrolyte drinks, ginger tea, or ice chips throughout the day.
Prenatal Vitamins at Night – Some women tolerate vitamins better when taken before bed.
Aromatherapy – Lemon or peppermint essential oils may help ease nausea.
Medical Treatments for HG
If home remedies aren’t enough, your doctor may recommend: IV Fluids – To prevent dehydration if you can’t keep liquids down.Anti-Nausea Medications: Safe options during pregnancy may include:
- Vitamin B6 & Doxylamine (Unisom + B6) – A first-line treatment.
- Ondansetron (Zofran) – May be prescribed in severe cases.
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Metoclopramide (Reglan) or Promethazine (Phenergan) – Used to help with nausea.
Hospitalization – In extreme cases, some women require a hospital stay for IV nutrition (total parenteral nutrition, or TPN).
When to Call Your Doctor
Seek medical attention if you experience: Severe dehydration – Dark urine, dry mouth, or feeling lightheaded.Weight loss of more than 5% of your pre-pregnancy weight.
Inability to keep food or fluids down for more than 24 hours.
Vomiting blood or signs of extreme weakness.
Will Hyperemesis Gravidarum Harm My Baby?
The good news is that HG does not typically harm the baby if it’s treated properly. However, severe and prolonged vomiting can lead to nutritional deficiencies if left unmanaged. With proper medical care, most women go on to have healthy pregnancies and babies.Final Thoughts
Hyperemesis gravidarum is more than just bad morning sickness—it’s a serious condition that requires medical attention. If nausea and vomiting are disrupting your daily life, don’t hesitate to reach out to your doctor. You are not alone, and help is available.
